{"id":488,"date":"2022-01-17T13:00:59","date_gmt":"2022-01-17T05:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/?p=488"},"modified":"2022-01-17T13:00:59","modified_gmt":"2022-01-17T05:00:59","slug":"%e5%8d%81%e5%a4%a7%e5%bf%83%e7%90%86%e5%ad%a6%e5%ae%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/?p=488","title":{"rendered":"\u5341\u5927\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1\u3001B.F.Skinner:\u65af\u91d1\u7eb3(1904-1990)\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u65b0\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u521b\u5236\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u52a8\u7269\u5b66\u4e60\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u2015\u2015\u65af\u91d1\u7eb3\u7bb1\u30021950\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\uff0c1958\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\u8d21\u732e\u5956\uff0c1968\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u79d1\u5b66\u8363\u8a89\u2015\u2015\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


2\u3001Jean Piaget:\u76ae\u4e9a\u6770(1896-1980)\uff0c\u745e\u58eb\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u53d1\u751f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u3002\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u628a\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e0e\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u5b66\u6c9f\u901a\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u6539\u9020\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u95e8\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u66fe\u4efb\u745e\u58eb\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3001\u6cd5\u8bed\u56fd\u5bb6\u5fc3\u7406\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u548c\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u5c4a\u56fd\u9645\u5fc3\u7406\u79d1\u76df\u4e3b\u5e2d\u30021966\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\uff0c1969\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\u8d21\u732e\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


3\u3001Sigmund Freud:S.\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7(1856-1939)\uff0c\u5965\u5730\u5229\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u601d\u6f6e\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u6d41\u6d3e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u827a\u672f\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n



4\u3001Albert Bandura:\u73ed\u90fd\u62c9(1925-)\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u4e60\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5b66\u4e60\u73b0\u8c61\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u8d56\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b66\u4e60\u800c\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u66ff\u4ee3\u6027\u5f3a\u5316\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u30021974\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c1980\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\u8d21\u732e\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n



5\u3001Leon Festinger:\u8d39\u65af\u6c40\u683c(1919-1989)\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u7684\u671f\u671b\u3001\u62b1\u8d1f\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u504f\u89c1\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u5931\u8c03\u7406\u8bba\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u30021959\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\u8d21\u732e\u5956\uff0c1972\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3002\u3001<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n



6\u3001Carl R.Rogers:\u7f57\u6770\u65af(1902-1987)\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4eba\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ece\u4e8b\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u548c\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u201c\u4ee5\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u800c\u9a70\u540d\u30021947\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c1956\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\u8d21\u732e\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n



7\u3001Stanley Schachter:\u65af\u574e\u7279(1922-1997)\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u662f\u4e0a\u763e\u548c\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u4f53\u9a8c\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u89e3\u91ca\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u30021969\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\u8d21\u732e\u5956\uff0c1983\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3002

8\u3001Neal E.Miller:N.\u7c73\u52d2(1909-2002)\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u53cd\u9988\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u30021958\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\uff0c1959\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u79d1\u5b66\u8d21\u732e\u5956\uff0c1961\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n



9\u3001Edward Thorndike:\u6851\u4ee3\u514b(1874-1949)\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u8005\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u7ed3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u8005\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ec3\u4e60\u5f8b\u548c\u6548\u679c\u5f8b\u7b49\u30021912\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c1917\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n



10\u3001A.H.Maslow:\u9a6c\u65af\u6d1b(1908-1970)\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4eba\u683c\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\uff0c\u4eba\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53d1\u8d77\u8005\u3002\u9a6c\u65af\u6d1b\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u6301\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u7406\u8bba\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9700\u8981\u5c42\u6b21\u8bba\u201d\u30021968\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


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1\u3001B.F.Skinner:\u65af\u91d1\u7eb3(1904-1990)\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u65b0\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u6761… \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb\u5341\u5927\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-488","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/488","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=488"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/488\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":492,"href":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/488\/revisions\/492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=488"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=488"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/183.223.218.137:8109\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=488"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}